Publication Date:
2016-02-26
Description:
Synaptic transmission is mediated by the release of neurotransmitters, which involves exo-endocytotic cycling of synaptic vesicles. To maintain synaptic function, synaptic vesicles are refilled with thousands of neurotransmitter molecules within seconds after endocytosis, using the energy provided by an electrochemical proton gradient. However, it is unclear how transmitter molecules carrying different net charges can be efficiently sequestered while maintaining charge neutrality and osmotic balance. We used single-vesicle imaging to monitor pH and electrical gradients and directly showed different uptake mechanisms for glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) operating in parallel. In contrast to glutamate, GABA was exchanged for protons, with no other ions participating in the transport cycle. Thus, only a few components are needed to guarantee reliable vesicle filling with different neurotransmitters.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Farsi, Zohreh -- Preobraschenski, Julia -- van den Bogaart, Geert -- Riedel, Dietmar -- Jahn, Reinhard -- Woehler, Andrew -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Feb 26;351(6276):981-4. doi: 10.1126/science.aad8142. Epub 2016 Feb 11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077 Gottingen, Germany. ; Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525GA Nijmegen, Netherlands. ; Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077 Gottingen, Germany. ; Department of Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077 Gottingen, Germany. rjahn@gwdg.de. ; Department of Membrane Biophysics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077 Gottingen, Germany. Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Research Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), Gottingen, 37073, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26912364" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Print ISSN:
0036-8075
Electronic ISSN:
1095-9203
Topics:
Biology
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Chemistry and Pharmacology
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Computer Science
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Medicine
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Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
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